TOEFL
TOEFL Speed Reading Methods
1. General Multiple-Choice Question
Step 1: Read the paragraph and infer the key points. Words that can express the author's viewpoint are the keywords.
Step 2: The correct option usually contains the original words, synonyms, or "not" + antonyms from the above test points.
Note: The options should not include important relationships (comparisons, parallels, causes and effects, etc.) that are not present in the original text or keywords unrelated to the original text.
Commonly tested key phrases include:
The first major test point: First, locate the sentences with negations and transitions, then identify the keywords in those sentences. Negation words should be paired with their objects.
1.1) Not...but, not, but, however are always tested (the answer generally includes the original words or synonyms after but/however, or includes not + antonyms).
1.2) Words that express negation include fail, lack, avoid (these three are the most important and always tested), problem, challenge, difficult, different, difference, loss, without, few, little, wrong, doubt, appear to, -free, free of, absence, miss, rarely, rather than, instead of, extinct, disappear, remove, removed, skeptical, questionable, cast doubt, assume (can be positive or negative) whether (focusing on the negative), rather than (instead of), different than (different from), other than (except for), desert, isolation, separation, barrier, resistance, obstacle.
1.3) As well as prefixes and suffixes that express negation such as im, in, un, di, dis, de, non, under, mis, -less, -free. These words are even more important than "not".
1.4) The negation words/keywords following however/but are generally the answer indicators.
1.5) Vocabulary inference method: In the not...but... structure, the words following not are usually in contrast with the words following but.
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